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Name
Czech Eskompt Bank (Česká eskomptní banka) -
Address
Palackého 1660/53, Jihlava -
Date
1926–1927, 1996 -
Authors
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Trail
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Code
74F -
GPS
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Type
Administrative Building -
Monument preservation
Territorial protection of the Jihlava urban conservation reserve
For the design of the bank building, the Prague bank headquarters involved the Prague architectural company of Karl Jaray, who was famous as a designer of bold reinforced concrete structures and had worked at the German Technical University in Prague since 1902 (as a professor since 1908). He had already gained experience with bank buildings while working on the Prague palace of the Vienna Banking Association. Thanks to Jaray's good personal relations with some bank directors, his office was commissioned during the 1920s to design several branches and the headquarters of the Czech Eskompt Bank (Česká eskomptní banka) in Ostrava, Šumperk, Ústí nad Labem, and Prague. Rudolf Hildebrand liaised closely with Karl Jaray, first in the school studio as his personal assistant, and later as a manager in Jaray's private office. Both German-speaking colleagues were of Jewish origin. Hildebrand spent most of his creative period in Prague. The team designed a neoclassical building for the Jihlava branch, representing the security and permanence of this banking institute in the new republic. In the 1920s, a distinctive style developed in response to this requirement, drawing on Wagner’s modernism and best applied to building commissions for state institutions. At that time, Neo-Classicism attracted part of the clientele with its monumentality, which was enhanced by the use of antiquing motifs, stone tiles, and increased scale. However, classic elements were put together in a new modern way and Jaray's conception of the Jihlava bank thus combined forms of classicism and purism.
The construction work was assigned to Pittel & Brausewetterfrom Brno. The rough construction was officially approved at the beginning of 1927 and the whole building was completed in the same year. In addition to the bank's offices and facilities, the new building also contained the bank director's flat. In the 1950s, flats for tenants were built on the upper floor.
After 1996, a new extension was built on the site of the wall circuit to expand the bank's capacities according to a project by the Penta Jihlava architectural studio under the direction of the architect Jan Remsa. Its scale was related to the existing building and the extension was sensitively integrated into the landscaping with a system of terraces and structural grading. The architects offset the four-storey extension without a cellar from the existing building and connected them with a glass atrium with a panoramic lift and staircase. Thanks in particular to its characteristic façade design, this extension is a successful example of postmodern architecture of the 1990s.
JL
Literatura:
Rostislav Švácha, Od moderny k funkcionalismu. Proměny pražské architektury první poloviny dvacátého století, Praha 1985, s.198.
Zdeněk Jaroš – Karel Křesadlo, Jihlava, kulturně historický průvodce městem, Jihlava 1996, s. 112. Jindřich Vybíral, Německá architektura v letech 1900–1918, Umění LI, 2003, č. 4, s. 314.
Pavel Vlček (ed.), Encyklopedie architektů, stavitelů, zedníků a kameníků v Čechách, Praha 2004, s. 277.
Jiří Kroupa, 68. Architektura, in: Ivana Ebelová - Renata Pisková – Milena Bartlová et al., Jihlava, Praha 2009, s. 611.
Ladislav Vilímek, I domy umírají vstoje II, Jihlava 2016, s. 138–139.
Petr Dvořák – Jana Laubová, Funkce a styl (kat. výst.), Statutární město Jihlava 2019.
Ostatní zdroje:
Státní okresní archiv Jihlava - Stavební archiv, čp. 1660, 1659.
Stavební úřad Magistrátu města Jihlavy, inv. č. 1660.
Lenka Kerdová, Pražská meziválečná architektura německy mluvících architektů, nepublikovaná dizertační práce Ústavu pro dějiny umění Filozofické fakulty Univerzity Karlovy, Praha 2020, s. 47-68, https://dspace.cuni.cz/handle/20.500.11956/123720, vyhledáno 19. 4. 2022.
Jana Laubová, Architektura Jihlavy 1900–2009, nepublikovaná diplomní práce Katedry dějin umění Filozofické fakulty Univerzity Palackého, Olomouc 2009, s. 34.
Architektenlexikon Wien 1770-1945, www.architektenlexikon.at/de/257.htm#Werke, vyhledáno 19. 4. 2022.